Successful delivery of mega housing projects and substantial investments in tourism in Gauteng will be largely dependent on the quality of the road infrastructure in the province.

A vision for Gauteng

Over the past three years, Premier David Makhura has laid out his vision for a much more integrated Gauteng city region, where partnerships among the public sector, business, labour and civil society will determine both the direction and pace of development.

One of the consequential announcements he made concerns the envisaged development of 31 mega housing projects, to be delivered within the medium-term framework. From earlier announcements on this plan, it is clear that each of these developments will yield no fewer than 15 000 units, either within an existing cluster, or as a new nodal development project.

Such projects will have inevitable impacts on all aspects of mobility in the province. At SANRAL, we have to calculate this into our medium- and long-term planning for the upgrading of the existing network and the planning and construction of new freeways.

Premier Makhura’s multi-pronged approach to ensuring Gauteng’s mobility remains at the core of future planning processes is welcome. It contains a combination of policy choices to curb urban sprawl, densification along transit nodes, initiatives to address the spatial legacies of apartheid and substantial investments in quality public transport, both within the individual cities and between the urban metros.

Passenger rail, the Gautrain, bus rapid transit systems, commuter buses and taxis are all elements of this mix. But so are roads, especially the planning, construction and funding model for expansions to the existing Gauteng freeway network.

The province’s own projections, as contained in the Gauteng 2055 Vision, show sustained population growth over the next decade, from the current 13.2-million people to 15.5-million in 2020 and 18.7-million a decade later. Already 88% of the total freight tonnage in South Africa is transported on roads and 94% of daily motorised trips are road-based.

Private vehicle ownership accelerates at an even faster pace as more people move into the middle class. The impact of these trends on traffic patterns should not be underestimated.

And the importance of the national and provincial road networks as the primary transport arteries should not be taken lightly when long-term plans for densification, public transport and rapid rail systems are being implemented.

SANRAL does not see the construction of more freeways and additional roads as a panacea for urban mobility or a cure for congestion.

The issues are too complex to be reduced to single-faceted responses. Similarly, any solution that reduces the importance of well-managed roads – and a planned process of new freeway development – also fails to take into account the realities of the regional economy.

The impact of the Gauteng Freeway Improvement Project

The direct impact of modern freeways on a regional economy is well-illustrated by the developments that followed the construction of the Gauteng Freeway Improvement Project (GFIP).

The success of major recent residential developments such as Heritage Hill near Rooihuiskraal, Waterfall City next to the Allandale Road off-ramp and Serengeti Estate in Ekurhuleni can be directly attributed to the availability of an upgraded freeway, while extensions to major retail centres such as Menlyn and Mall of Africa would not have been feasible without GFIP.

A global study based on the 2016 TomTom Traffic Index recently found that Johannesburg is no longer the most congested city in sub-Saharan Africa and that improvements in traffic movement can be attributed directly to the construction of GFIP, the introduction of open-road tolling and the addition of intelligent transport systems linked to SANRAL’s management of the network.

Some of the most exciting recent announcements made by Premier Makhura to grow Gauteng’s tourism potential – and the province’s role as a regional logistics hub – are heavily dependent on the extension of the freeway network.

Plans for the extension of the GFIP network through the addition of 158km of new road and upgrades to 223km have been on the drawing board for some time. These roads will further reduce traffic pressures near OR Tambo airport and contribute to the growth of the area, identified as a priority corridor by the Gauteng government.

Funding

How these freeways are to be funded will be decided by the national government, in consultation with the province. SANRAL is an agency of the South African government and implements policy that has been decided on by cabinet including the ‘user pay’ principle as defined in the National Development Plan.

Different opinions over funding should, however, not delay the planning and preparations for the construction of GFIP stages two and three. It will take an estimated five years for construction to start once the green light for the programme has been given.

Construction will have to be preceded by more rounds of public consultation, updated environmental impact assessments, land acquisitions and procurement processes.

In the meantime, congestion in parts of Gauteng that are vital to the implementation of the Gauteng Vision 2055 is building up. If this is not addressed, a traffic situation can soon develop similar to that which existed prior to the start of construction on the current GFIP network.

SANRAL looks forward to working together with the Gauteng government to develop an infrastructure network that is, in the words of Premier Makhura, “the lifeblood of the province’s social and economic transformation agenda”.

This is an opinion piece by Chris Hlabisa, a SANRAL Board Member.